12/7/2022 0 Comments Approach to alopecia ppt![]() 6 In chronic AA there is an increase in miniaturized hairs situated in the papillary dermis with peribulbar lymphocytic infiltration. 4, 5 Histopathological features of acute AA include hair follicle (HF) peribulbar lymphocytic infiltration, with peri-follicular CD4 + T cells and intrafollicular CD8 + T cells. 3ĪA is diagnosed upon physical examination and trichoscopy however, a scalp biopsy may also be performed in undecided cases. 2 The disease impacts quality of life and has major psychological effects for men and women, especially in social acceptance and psychological well-being. 1 AA’s manifestations vary, from a well-defined alopecic patch, multiple patches, total scalp alopecia (alopecia totalis, AT), to complete body hair loss (alopecia universalis, AU). Its prevalence ranges from 0.1–0.2% worldwide. Keywords: alopecia totalis, alopecia universalis, autoimmunity, hair loss, inflammationĪlopecia areata (AA) is an immune-mediated hair loss disorder that affects 1.7% of the general population. Understanding its underlying mechanisms may shed light on new strategies to effectively manage AA in the future. This review gathers current evidence that emphasizes molecular mechanisms, possible causative etiologies, and targeted immunotherapies for AA. Given its complex immunopathogenesis, AA is considered an autoimmune disease with multiple factors. Over the past few decades, researchers have investigated multiple potential factors that may help alleviate its pathogenesis and provide effective treatment. Despite the high prevalence of this disease and extensive research, its exact pathomechanism is unclear, and current treatments have a high relapse rate that has deemed AA incurable. Due to its unpredictable clinical course, AA causes substantial psychological harm. It is characterized by a well-defined non-scarring alopecic patch or patches that may extend to the entire scalp or lead to total body hair loss. Poonkiat Suchonwanit, Chaninan Kositkuljorn, Cherrin Pomsoongĭivision of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailandĭivision of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, ThailandĪbstract: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease of the hair follicles. ![]()
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